Natural Wetland Hazards.

Indian people have become addicted to political gossip to such an extent that instead of paying attention to their next generation, they are swayed by whatever the politicians blow. Because of this, no one cares about India's weather or environment. The government also knows that the people are not interested in repairing the two lakes, but if we paint the two temples, we will be stung, so the government has left the earth, water, birds, sky... and taken the color of the people's mind. Surrounding lakes, large reservoirs and coastal areas, known as 'wetlands', are not only home to thousands of biological units, but with their help, can also combat today's biggest threat of climate change.

Wetlands are one of our most effective ecosystems for combating climate change. It plays an important role in reducing temperature and pollution by absorbing carbon dioxide. Years ago, on February 2, 1971, the 'International Wetlands Convention' was held on the shores of the Caspian Sea in Ramsar, Iran, in which the United Nations declared February 2 as 'Wetlands Day'. The day is organized to raise global awareness about the important role of wetlands for our planet in fighting global warming. Wetland land is uncultivated and fallow. The theme of 'Wetlands Day 2024' is 'Wetlands and Human Wellbeing'. The carbon sequestration capacity of wetlands is twice the carbon storage capacity of forests. Coastal wetlands such as mangroves (dense trees near the mixing of fresh and salt water) absorb carbon 55 times faster than tropical rainforests. Peatlands (natural sources of biofuels), which cover 3 percent of the Earth's land surface, store 30 percent of all land-based carbon. e. S. Since 1970, 35 percent of the world's wetlands have disappeared. According to 'Wetland International', nearly 30 percent of India's wetlands have disappeared in the last three decades. This can be understood from an example that fifty-two lakes were constructed in Jabalpur city by the tribal queen Durgavati of Mandla, but due to illegal construction and urbanization, only a few, half-completed lakes remain.

A vicious cycle of wetland loss, livelihood crises and deepening poverty is the result of treating wetlands as wasteland, even though they are a life-sustaining source of employment, income and essential ecosystem services. Ecosystem services contribute directly and indirectly to human well-being. Wetlands considered globally important for biodiversity and humans are called 'Ramsar Sites'. Certain criteria have been set for any wetland to be granted 'Ramsar site' status, including the main wetland being rare and natural and harboring the life cycle of endangered species under adverse conditions. The 2018 List of Wetlands of International Importance includes 2331 'Ramsar Sites', covering more than 2.1 million square kilometers of land.

India has the largest number of wetlands in South Asia with 75 'Ramsar sites' spread over 13 lakh hectares. In 1981, Odisha's Chilka Lake and Rajasthan's Keoladev Bird Sanctuary were included as India's first 'Ramsar Sites'. In addition, Nal Lake in Gujarat, Ashtamudi Lake in Kerala, Bhitarakarnika Mangroves in Odisha, Loktak Lake in Manipur, Sundarban Wetland in West Bengal, Gulf of Mannar in Tamil Nadu, Lonar Lake in Maharashtra are the major ones. Samapur Bird Sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh, Kalur Lake in Jammu and Kashmir and Kanwar Lake in Bihar are considered prime sites. Similarly in Madhya Pradesh, Raja Bhoj lake in Bhopal, Sirpur and Yashwant Sagar lakes in Indore and Sankhya Sagar located in Madhav National Park in Shivpuri district are among the 'Ramsar sites'.