Swaminathan made the green revolution with 100 kg of Borlog seeds


- Pioneer of Green Revolution in India Manatha M.S. With the demise of Swaminathan, a golden era in Indian history came to an end

- Times were tough for Swaminathan and Borlaug as no farmer was ready to adopt the new seed. Experiments with new seeds were done with barely any explanation and they got such a huge success that a huge problem of the country was solved. By the time the 1970s began, the Green Revolution had already begun in India. Punjab-Haryana produced the highest yields from the new wheat seed, so Borlaug suggested that wheat should be cultivated only in these two states. The result is visible. Today, Haryana and Punjab are the most prosperous states in the country thanks to this Green Revolution. Due to the green revolution, agriculture in India proved to be beneficial and the economy of the country benefited a lot.

The pioneer of Green Revolution in India was Manatha M.S. With the demise of Swaminathan, a golden era in Indian history came to an end. Swaminathan's name is unknown to the new generation, so the younger generation does not know much about his contribution, but in short, it can be said that Swaminathan was one of the greatest people who contributed immensely towards making India a great nation after independence.

India today is self-sufficient in grain production. Despite being the most populous country in the world, India does not have to beg for grain from any country in the world. Rather, India grows enough grain to export to other countries. All this was made possible by the Green Revolution of the 1960s and the credit goes to Mankombu Sambashivan Swaminathan. Swaminathan, along with American agronomist Norman Borlaug, developed high-yielding varieties of wheat and rice that not only solved India's grain problem but also rehabilitated the country's crumbling villages. Swaminathan and Borlaug's Green Revolution is the biggest revolution in Indian economy.

Swaminathan's contribution is not limited to making India self-sufficient in grain production. Swaminathan's research to develop new varieties of potato not only benefited crores of farmers in this country but also opened a new direction in food processing in India. He talked about his work in two big areas. The scope of Swaminathan's research was so great that it benefited many agricultural products in India.

Swaminathan's Green Revolution with Norman Borlaug is a golden chapter in the history of India. India was originally an agricultural country, but the British introduced cultivation of cotton, cotton, etc. for their own benefit, which reduced the production of food grains. On the other hand, the population started increasing, so after the years of independence, India did not grow enough grain to feed the people.

India had to import grains such as wheat, rice etc. from abroad. Because of that, he had to be put in a humiliating position. Countries including America used to give more and less grain as a favor to India. Jawaharlal Nehru started research by establishing the Indian Agricultural Research Institute to change this situation but nobody knew about agricultural research in India so nothing happened in the early years.

Swaminathan had gained fame as an agronomist in the 1950s. After receiving a UNESCO fellowship in 1950, Swaminathan returned from research abroad and after joining the Indian Agricultural Research Institute in October 1954, he strove to make India self-sufficient in grain production. Swaminathan was greatly influenced by the research of the world famous American agronomist Norman Borlaug during his research period. Borlaug made Mexico self-sufficient in wheat production based on the new varieties of wheat he developed.

Apart from Mexico, Borlaug played an important role in increasing the production of grains including wheat and rice in many countries of the world. Borlaug could have become a self-made billionaire but instead took a mission to serve humanity and help the poor countries of the world. Swaminathan felt that Borlog could solve India's problems, so Swaminathan started efforts to bring Borlog to India. In the late 1950s, Borlaug first agreed to work for India by calling him to India. Then Jawaharlal Nehru invited Norman Borlaug to India.

By the order of Nehru, Minister of Agriculture C. Subramaniam made all arrangements for agricultural research in India. After that, Borlaug came to India in 1964 with 100 kg of seeds and started research. During the Indo-Pakistan war in 1965, this research was in full swing. Borlaug ordered soil samples from all over India to determine which areas could grow the most wheat. Plantation was done in many states based on it.

Times were tough for Swaminathan and Borlaug as no farmer was ready to adopt the new seed. Experiments with new seeds were done with barely any explanation and they got such a huge success that a huge problem of the country was solved. By the time the 1970s began, the Green Revolution had already begun in India. Punjab-Haryana produced the highest yields from the new wheat seed, so Borlaug suggested that wheat should be cultivated only in these two states. The result is visible. Today, Haryana and Punjab are the most prosperous states in the country thanks to this Green Revolution. Due to the green revolution, agriculture in India proved to be beneficial and the economy of the country benefited a lot.

Swaminathan then continued his research but also continued to strive to improve the condition of agriculture and farmers. Swaminathan was the chairman of the National Commission on Farming created by the Manmohan Singh government in 2004. In October 2006, he gave a report in which it was recommended that the farmer should get 50 percent more than the production cost of the crop.

He also made recommendations that farmers should get good quality seeds at lower prices, Village Knowledge Centers should be set up in villages to help farmers, Kisan Credit Cards should be issued for women farmers, Agricultural Risk Fund should be set up for farmers so that farmers can be helped during natural calamities. All these recommendations are meant to modernize the farmers but they were not implemented.

Now that Swaminath is no longer with us, if these recommendations are implemented, it will be a true tribute to him.

- Swaminathan kicked the IPS, gave up his fascination with foreign countries and opted for national service

If Swaminathan had expected, he could have become a high government official and lead a Jalsa life as he was originally selected as IPS. Swaminathan cleared the UPSC examination in 1950 while working at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute and was selected as an IPS officer. At the same time he received a UNESCO fellowship to work on genetics in agricultural research in the Netherlands. Swaminath had to choose between a career as a police officer or research. He gave importance to research in agriculture and left the Netherlands to become a police officer.

Even after Swaminath gained fame as an agriculturist, he had the option of earning billions of dollars by working abroad. After research in the Netherlands, Swaminathan worked in Europe, UK and America. India did not even have a similar laboratory for agricultural research at that time, so there was nothing for Swaminathan to do here, but Swaminathan returned to India in 1954. Coming to India, he initially did menial jobs like teaching in an agricultural college. It was a time of struggle but Swaminathan worked without defeat and made a place for himself by continuing research.

Swaminathan is a role model for the youth of the country as he decided to give up the lure of foreign countries and the lure of money to serve his motherland.

- Utilization of not only crops but also their by-products

Swaminathan implemented this model in Myanmar's capital, Nay Pyi Taw, by giving the biopark concept to farmers who not only get economic benefits from the crops but also from other by-products of the crops. This Biopark has been built with the support of the Government of India.

Swaminathan's formula is extremely simple. After the farmer ripens the grain, his main income is from the grain, but apart from that, the farmer should get money for everything related to the crop. Farmers will benefit twice if they get money for dung, piles or last waste. Rice grows in abundance in Myanmar.

The income of farmers cooking rice in this biopark has increased by one and a half times in one year. If this model is adopted in India too, the condition of farmers will improve.


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